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Anti-German ((ドイツ語:Antideutsch)) is the generic name applied to a variety of theoretical and political tendencies within the radical left mainly in Germany and Austria. The most common practical and theoretical position commonly associated with the anti-Germans is support for the state of Israel. The Anti-Germans emerged as a distinct political tendency as a response to German reunification, and the anti-American "anti-imperialist left". In 2006 Deutsche Welle estimated the number of Anti-Germans at between 500 and 3,000. The basic opinions of the Anti-Germans include support for the state of Israel and - although this is only true for some - American foreign policy such as the 2003 invasion of Iraq, a critique of mainstream left anti-capitalist views, which are thought to be simplistic and structurally anti-Semitic,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.im.nrw.de/sch/doks/vs/antideutsche.pdfpg )〕 and a critique of anti-Semitism, which is considered to be deeply rooted in German cultural history. The critical theory of Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer is often cited by Anti-German theorists along with earlier Marxism.〔 The term does not generally refer to any one specific radical left tendency, but rather a wide variety of distinct currents, ranging from the so-called "hardcore" Anti-Germans such as the quarterly journal ''Bahamas'' to "softcore" Anti-Germans such as the radical left journal ''Phase 2''. Some Anti-German ideas have also exerted an influence on the broader radical leftist milieu, such as the monthly magazine ''konkret'' and the weekly newspaper ''Jungle World''. However, solidarity with the state of Israel, is not a position exclusive to the Anti-Germans. The groups Krisis-Gruppe and Exit! around the publicist Robert Kurz, as well as many Antifa groups in Germany also hold Israel-sympathetic opinions, while rejecting any identification with the Anti-German current. == Emergence of the Anti-Germans == The first stirrings of the emergence of the anti-Germans can be traced back to the dissolution process of the Communist League (''Kommunistischer Bund'', KB), a Marxist-Leninist political organization primarily active in Hamburg and Northern Germany. The KB distinguished itself from other extra-parliamentary groups through a decidedly pessimistic analysis with regard to the potential for revolutionary change in Germany. Known as the "Fascisation" analysis, this theory held that due to the particularity of German history and development, the endemic crisis of capitalism would lead to a move towards the Right and to a new Fascism.〔 The rapid process of collapse of the German Democratic Republic and the looming reunification of Germany led to an internal crisis within the KB and the development of irreconcilable perspectives within the organization. The majority tendency argued that with the collapse of the GDR, questions of social justice in connection with the restoration of capitalism in the former GDR should constitute the center of political work, and this tendency accordingly sought cooperation with the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS).〔 There also emerged a minority tendency which argued for a position of fundamental opposition to the restoration of a unified German nation-state, essentially representing a radicalized version of the Fascisation thesis, arguing that the coming period was one of reaction, and advocating a perspective of opposition against German nationalism, racism, anti-semitism, historical revisionism and a revival of German great power politics. It is said that during an internal debate, representatives of the majority tendency said that the minority current, due to its bleak analysis and unwavering pessimism, "might as well just emigrate to the Bahamas."〔 The minority tendency, in an ironic gesture, thus named their discussion organ ''Bahamas''.〔 The phrase ''Nie wieder Deutschland'' ("Germany, Never Again"), which became a central Anti-German slogan, originated in demonstrations against reunification.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Letter from Berlin )〕 In its first few years of existence, the journal ''Bahamas'' served as a pluralistic journal for a variety of currents of the radical left united by a common opposition to German nationalism, racism, and anti-semitism, as well as against apologetic currents within the left which sought to relativize such issues. Gradually, this diversity of perspectives gave way to a tendency oriented towards a Freiburger organization known as the "" (Initiative Sozialistisches Forum), a radical left formation mixing elements of council communism and elements of Critical Theory, particular Theodor W. Adorno and the Frankfurt School. At around the time of this shift in perspective, many of the former KB members left the editorial circle of the journal. In 2007 Haaretz described ''Bahamas'' as "the leading publication of the hardcore pro-Israel, Anti-German communist movement."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anti-Germans (political current)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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